1. Intshayelelo
Kwicandelo le-optics, iilensi ze-plano-concave kunye ne-plano-convex zibonakala njengezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokwakha iinkqubo ze-optical, ukuqonda iimpawu zazo ezizodwa ezibumba indlela ukukhanya okunxibelelana ngayo nehlabathi elibonakalayo kubalulekile. Iilensi ze-Plano-concave kunye ne-plano-convex zineempawu ezizodwa ze-optical ezinegalelo kuluhlu lwazo lwezicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zeelensi ze-plano-concave kunye ne-plano-convex zilawulwa kukugoba komphezulu wazo. Ubungakanani bokugoba, obulinganiswa ngee-diopter, bumisela amandla elensi, nto leyo elawula amandla ayo okudibanisa okanye ukwahlula ukukhanya. Iilensi ze-Plano-concave zinamandla angalunganga, ngelixa iilensi ze-plano-convex zinamandla alungileyo.
2. Iilensi zePlano-Concave
2.1 Iipropati zoKubona
Iilensi zePlano-concave, ezibonakala ngomphezulu omnye ogobileyo kunye nomphezulu omnye othe tyaba, ziyahlukana nokukhanya okungenayo, zikusasaza njengoko kudlula kwilensi.
| Inombolo yendawo | Ubude bamaza (nm) | Ububanzi (mm) | I-EFL (mm) | Izinto eziphathekayo | Indibano | I-CT (mm) | I-ET (mm) | I-BFL (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-LZ-12.5+0.75-ET2 | 10600/9400 | 12.5 | -19.0 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 1.40 | 2.1 | -19.60 |
| I-LZ-12.5+0.75-ET3.3 | 10600/9400 | 12.5 | -19.0 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 2.60 | 3.3 | -20.10 |
| I-LZ-12.5+1-ET2.3 | 10600/9400 | 12.5 | -25.4 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 1.80 | 2.3 | -26.10 |
| I-LZ-0.5+14.4-ET3 | 10600/9400 | 12.7 | -14.4 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 2.00 | 3.0 | -15.20 |
| I-LZ-0.5+32.08-ET2.2 | 10600/9400 | 12.7 | -32.1 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 1.80 | 2.2 | -32.80 |
| I-LZ-0.5+1.5-ET3 | 10600/9400 | 12.7 | -38.1 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 2.60 | 3.0 | -39.20 |
| I-LZ-15+0.75-ET3.1 | 10600/9400 | 15.0 | -19.0 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 2.00 | 3.1 | -19.80 |
| I-LZ-15+25-ET3.3 | 10600/9400 | 15.0 | -25.0 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 2.50 | 3.3 | -26.00 |
| I-LZ-0.75+1-ET3 | 10600/9400 | 19.1 | -25.4 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 1.70 | 3.0 | -26.10 |
| I-LZ-0.75+30-ET3 | 10600/9400 | 19.1 | -30.0 | I-ZnSe | Ingatshatanga | 1.90 | 3.0 | -30.80 |
2.2 Usetyenziso
Iilensi zePlano-concave, ezikwaziyo ukusasaza ukukhanya, zifumana usetyenziso kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Kwifoto, zisetyenziswa njengeelensi ze-wide-engile, zibamba intsimi ebanzi yombono. Kwiiteleskopu, zisetyenziswa njengeelensi zokulungisa, zilungisa iimpazamo ezibangelwa zezinye izinto zokukhanya ukuqinisekisa ukuba umfanekiso ucacile kwaye uchanekile.
Ukongeza, iilensi zeplano-concave zisetyenziswa kwi-laser ukuvelisa imisebe ehlukeneyo, ebalulekileyo kwizicelo ezithile ze-laser. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusetweni kokwandiswa kwemisebe, apho isetyenziselwa ukusasaza nokulawula imisebe ye-laser kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukusika kunye nokukrola nge-laser.
2.2 Usetyenziso
Iilensi zePlano-concave, ezikwaziyo ukusasaza ukukhanya, zifumana usetyenziso kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Kwifoto, zisetyenziswa njengeelensi ze-wide-engile, zibamba intsimi ebanzi yombono. Kwiiteleskopu, zisetyenziswa njengeelensi zokulungisa, zilungisa iimpazamo ezibangelwa zezinye izinto zokukhanya ukuqinisekisa ukuba umfanekiso ucacile kwaye uchanekile.
Ukongeza, iilensi zeplano-concave zisetyenziswa kwi-laser ukuvelisa imisebe ehlukeneyo, ebalulekileyo kwizicelo ezithile ze-laser. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusetweni kokwandiswa kwemisebe, apho isetyenziselwa ukusasaza nokulawula imisebe ye-laser kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukusika kunye nokukrola nge-laser.
3. Iilensi zePlano-Convex
3.1 Iimpawu zoKubona
Iilensi zePlano-convex, ezinomphezulu omnye ongqukuva kunye nomphezulu omnye othe tyaba, zidibanisa ukukhanya okungenayo, zikudibanisa kwindawo ephambili.
| Inombolo yendawo | Ubude bamaza (nm) | Ububanzi (mm) | I-EFL (mm) | Izinto eziphathekayo | Indibano | I-CT (mm) | I-ET (mm) | I-BFL (mm) | Uhlobo lwemveliso |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-LBK-0.5-15-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 15.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 5.42 | 2.0 | 11.40 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-0.5-20-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 20.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 4.20 | 2.0 | 17.21 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-0.5-30-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 30.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 3.39 | 2.0 | 27.75 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-0.5-50-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 50.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 2.80 | 2.0 | 48.14 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-0.5-75-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 75.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 2.50 | 2.0 | 73.34 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-0.5-100-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 100.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 2.40 | 2.0 | 98.41 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-0.5-120-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 120.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 2.33 | 2.0 | 118.45 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-0.5-140-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 140.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 2.28 | 2.0 | 138.48 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-0.5-160-ET2 | 1064 | 12.7 | 160.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 2.25 | 2.0 | 158.51 | I-Plano-Convex |
| I-LBK-1-35-ET2 | 1064 | 25.4 | 35.0 | BK7 | Ingatshatanga | 7.20 | 2.0 | 30.22 | I-Plano-Convex |
3.2 Usetyenziso
Iilensi zePlano-convex, kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukudibanisa ukukhanya, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-optics ukuze zigxile kwaye zidibanise ukukhanya kwiinkqubo ze-optical. Iilensi zePlano-convex zihlala zisetyenziswa njengezinto kwiilensi zekhamera, apho ukukwazi kwazo ukuhlanganisa ukukhanya kubalulekile ekwakhiweni komfanekiso. Zinciphisa ukuguquguquka okungqukuva, nto leyo ebangela imifanekiso ecacileyo necacileyo.
Kwiimicroscopes, iilensi zeplano-convex zisetyenziselwa ukukhulisa iisampulu ezincinci, okuvumela ukujongwa ngokweenkcukacha. Ngaphezu koko, ezi lensi zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokubonisa, zenze imifanekiso egxile kwizikrini okanye kwezinye iindawo. Iimpawu zokudibana kweelensi zeplano-convex zikwenza ukuba zifaneleke ukukhulisa iiglasi, zinceda ekwandiseni izinto ezincinci ukuze zijongwe ngokusondeleyo.
4. Uhlalutyo lokuthelekisa
Uthelekiso phakathi kweelensi zeplano-concave kunye neplano-convex lugxininisa iindima zazo ezihambelanayo kwi-optics. Iilensi zePlano-concave ziyahlukana nokukhanya, zandisa indlela yazo, ngelixa iilensi zeplano-convex zidibanisa ukukhanya, zikudibanisa. Ezi mpawu zingafaniyo zizenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa ezahlukeneyo, kunye neelensi zeplano-concave ezisebenzela ukwandisa amasimi okujonga okanye ukulungisa iimpazamo, ngelixa iilensi zeplano-convex zibalasele kwimisebenzi yokukhulisa nokugxila.
5. Isiphelo
Iilensi zePlano-concave kunye nePlano-convex, ezineempawu zazo ezizodwa zokukhanya, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ihlabathi le-optics kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Amandla azo okulawula indlela yokukhanya, nokuba ngokuyitshintsha okanye ukuyidibanisa, azenza zibe zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokukhanya, ukusuka kwiiglasi zokukhulisa zemihla ngemihla ukuya kwiiteleskopu ezintsonkothileyo kunye neemakroskopu.
Ukuqonda iimpawu zabo zokukhanya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kunika amandla iinjineli, izazinzulu, kunye nabantu abathanda ukusebenzisa amandla apheleleyo ezi lensi kuyilo lwabo lokukhanya. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubeka nokutshintsha, ezi lensi zisisiseko ziya kuhlala ziphambili ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha zokukhanya, zivumela ukufunyanwa kwezinto kwaye zibumbe indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nehlabathi elibonakalayo.
Uyilo lwe-Wavelength Opto-Electronic kunye nokuveliswa kweelensi ze-plano-concave kunye ne-plano-convex ezisemgangathweni kuquka iilensi ze-meniscus, bi-concave, kunye ne-bi-convex, ukusuka kwiinkcukacha zemveliso ezisemgangathweni ukuya kwezichanekileyo eziphezulu kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya.
| Ukunyamezelana | Umgangatho | Uchaneko | Ubuchule obuphezulu |
| Izixhobo | Iglasi: BK7, Iglasi yeOptical, iFused Silica, iFluoride | ||
| Ikristale: ZnSe, ZnS, Ge, GaAs, CaF2, BaF2, MgF2, Si, Sapphire, Chalcogenide | |||
| Isinyithi: Cu, Al, Mo | |||
| Iplastiki: PMMA, i-Acrylic | |||
| Ububanzi | Ubuncinane: 4 mm, Ubuninzi: 500 mm | ||
| Iintlobo | Ilensi yePlano-Convex, Ilensi yePlano-Concave, Ilensi yeMeniscus, Ilensi yeBi-Convex, Ilensi yeBi-Concave, Ilensi yeSamente, Ilensi yeBhola | ||
| Ububanzi | ± 0.1mm | ± 0.025mm | ± 0.01mm |
| Ubukhulu | ± 0.1mm | ± 0.05mm | ± 0.01mm |
| I-Sag | ± 0.05mm | ± 0.025mm | ± 0.01mm |
| Imbobo ecacileyo | 80% | 90% | 95% |
| Irediyasi | ± 0.3% | ± 0.1% | 0.01% |
| Amandla | 3.0λ | 1.5λ | λ/2 |
| Ukungalungi (PV) | 1.0λ | λ/4 | λ/10 |
| Ukubeka embindini | 3arcmin | I-1arcmin | 0.5 arcmin |
| Umgangatho womphezulu | 80-50 | 40-20 | 10-5 |
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-05-2024